A Level Chemistry OCR Practice Exam

In terms of molecular structure, what distinguishes a polymer from simple molecules?

1. A polymer has a complex, long chain structure

2. A polymer consists of a single atom

3. A polymer contains two or three atoms

4. A polymer is a gas at room temperature

The correct answer is: A polymer has a complex, long chain structure

Polymers are distinguished by their complex, long chain structures made up of repeating units known as monomers. These chains can extend to thousands or even millions of atoms, resulting in a high molecular weight and unique properties compared to simple molecules. Simple molecules, in contrast, typically consist of a small number of atoms, often just a handful, and exhibit straightforward geometric arrangements. The characteristic long-chain structure of polymers contributes to their versatility and varied properties, which can include flexibility, strength, and resistance to various environmental factors. This structural complexity allows polymers to form diverse materials, such as plastics, rubber, and fibers, which are not typically found in simpler molecular forms. Other options describe characteristics that do not accurately represent the nature of polymers. A polymer is not made up of a single atom, nor is it limited to just two or three atoms; rather, it is formed by long chains that consist of many atoms. Additionally, while some polymers may be gases at certain conditions, many exist as solids or liquids at room temperature, making the statement about their gaseous state misleading.